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Atelopus sorianoi, Venezuela
The entire historical range of the scarlet harlequin toad may be a single stream in an isolated Venezuelan forest.
This striking species is known from a single stream in an isolated cloud forest, the Paramito de San Francisco, near the town of Guaraque in southwestern Venezuela. It has the most restricted geographic range of any Venezuelan Atelopus species.
At the time of its discovery, the species was relatively abundant within its small range; however, it hasn't been seen in 20 years. The harlequin toads – or stubfoot toads as they are sometimes referred – have been particularly hard hit by amphibian declines and extinctions.
The small range of this species does not include any protected areas. If any do remain, the preservation of their species will require rapid conservation action.
Status: last seen in 1990, listed as Critically Endangered by IUCN Red List
