Estimating Appropriate Fines for Ship Grounding Violations in Tubbataha Reefs National Marine Park

An economic valuation study on the damage caused by ship grounding incidents to coral reefs and marine life. The study served as empirical basis for ship grounding penalties imposed by the Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park Protected Area Management Board (TRNP-PAMB).

DOWNLOAD: Fines_for_Ship_Grounding.pdf (136 kb)